Advanced Hosting Solutions¶

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    # Upstream backend servers
    upstream backend {
        least_conn;
        server 192.168.1.10:8080 weight=3 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 192.168.1.11:8080 weight=2 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 192.168.1.12:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 192.168.1.13:8080 backup;
    }

    # Rate limiting
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m rate=10r/s;

    # Caching configuration
    proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m max_size=10g 
                     inactive=60m use_temp_path=off;

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name api.example.com;

        # Redirect HTTP to HTTPS
        return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
    }

    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        server_name api.example.com;

        # SSL Configuration
        ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/api.example.com.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/api.example.com.key;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;

        # Security headers
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options DENY always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;

        # API endpoints with rate limiting
        location /api/ {
            limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;

            # Proxy configuration
            proxy_pass http://backend;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

            # Timeout settings
            proxy_connect_timeout 30s;
            proxy_send_timeout 30s;
            proxy_read_timeout 30s;

            # Caching for GET requests
            proxy_cache my_cache;
            proxy_cache_valid 200 1h;
            proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
            add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;
        }

        # Static content with aggressive caching
        location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js|pdf)$ {
            expires 1y;
            add_header Cache-Control "public, no-transform";
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }

        # Health check endpoint
        location /health {
            access_log off;
            return 200 "healthy\n";
            add_header Content-Type text/plain;
        }
    }
}

# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf - Optimized for high traffic

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
worker_rlimit_nofile 100000;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 4000;
    use epoll;
    multi_accept on;
}

http {
    # Basic Settings
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 30;
    keepalive_requests 100000;
    reset_timedout_connection on;
    client_body_timeout 10;
    send_timeout 2;
    client_header_timeout 10;
    client_max_body_size 32m;

    # Hide nginx version
    server_tokens off;

    # MIME
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    # Logging
    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" '
                    '$request_time $upstream_response_time';

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main buffer=32k flush=1m;

    # Gzip compression
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_min_length 1024;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types
        text/plain
        text/css
        text/xml
        text/javascript
        application/json
        application/javascript
        application/xml+rss
        application/atom+xml
        image/svg+xml;

    # Brotli compression (if module available)
    brotli on;
    brotli_comp_level 6;
    brotli_types
        text/xml
        image/svg+xml
        application/x-font-ttf
        image/vnd.microsoft.icon
        application/x-font-opentype
        application/json
        font/eot
        application/vnd.ms-fontobject
        application/javascript
        font/otf
        application/xml
        application/xhtml+xml
        text/javascript
        application/x-javascript
        text/$;

    # Rate limiting
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m rate=10r/m;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m rate=1r/s;

    # File caching
    open_file_cache max=200000 inactive=20s;
    open_file_cache_valid 30s;
    open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
    open_file_cache_errors on;

    # Include additional configs
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}